When making an Attack roll, determine the result by rolling 1d20 and adding your Attack modifier for the weapon or Unarmed Attack you’re using. Modifiers for melee and ranged attacks are calculated differently.

Melee Attack roll result = d20 roll + Strength modifier (or optionally Dexterity modifier for a Finesse weapon) + Proficiency bonus + other Bonuses + Penalties

Ranged Attack roll result = d20 roll + Dexterity modifier + Proficiency bonus + other Bonuses + Penalties

Multiple Attack Penalty

If you use an action with the Attack trait more than once on the same turn, your attacks after the first take a penalty called a multiple Attack penalty. Your second Attack takes a –5 penalty, and any subsequent attacks take a –10 penalty.

The multiple Attack penalty doesn’t apply to attacks you make when it isn’t your turn (such as attacks made as part of a reaction, like Reactive Strike). You can use a weapon with the agile trait to reduce your multiple Attack penalty.